12 years of civilisational diplomacy: How PM Modi restored India’s shared heritage

One of the earliest initiatives came in Vietnam, where India signed a Memorandum of Understanding in 2014 to restore the UNESCO-listed Mỹ Sơn Sanctuary. Once the spiritual centre of the ancient Champa Kingdom, the Shaivite temple complex is regarded as one of Southeast Asia’s most significant Hindu heritage sites. The Archaeological Survey of India led the conservation work under the bilateral agreement.